{"id":7800,"date":"2025-07-21T09:28:51","date_gmt":"2025-07-21T02:28:51","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/apanano.com\/vi\/?p=7800"},"modified":"2025-07-21T09:28:51","modified_gmt":"2025-07-21T02:28:51","slug":"giam-luong-an-vao-va-cham-lon-o-heo-con-moi-cai-sua-cac-chien-luoc-can-thiep-dinh-duong","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/apanano.vn\/vi\/giam-luong-an-vao-va-cham-lon-o-heo-con-moi-cai-sua-cac-chien-luoc-can-thiep-dinh-duong\/","title":{"rendered":"Gi\u1ea3m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0103n v\u00e0o v\u00e0 ch\u1eadm l\u1edbn \u1edf heo con m\u1edbi cai s\u1eefa: C\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c can thi\u1ec7p dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i t\u1eeb s\u1eefa sang th\u1ee9c \u0103n \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho m\u1ed9t th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c quan tr\u1ecdng trong c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ch\u0103n nu\u00f4i heo hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 trong dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd, heo con m\u1edbi cai s\u1eefa v\u1eabn th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean tr\u1ea3i qua giai \u0111o\u1ea1n ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 th\u1ee9c \u0103n d\u01b0\u1edbi m\u1ee9c t\u1ed1i \u01b0u v\u00e0 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng ch\u1eadm, th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201cgiai \u0111o\u1ea1n ch\u1eadm t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng sau cai s\u1eefa\u201d.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-49216 lazyload\" data-src=\"https:\/\/nhachannuoi.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/heo-con-GREEENFEED.jpg\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/nhachannuoi.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/heo-con-GREEENFEED.jpg 600w, https:\/\/nhachannuoi.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/heo-con-GREEENFEED-300x200.jpg 300w\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"400\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 600px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 600\/400;\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0y \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng b\u1edfi vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3m ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 th\u1ee9c \u0103n, suy gi\u1ea3m kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u1ea5t dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng k\u00e9m trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n ngay sau cai s\u1eefa. Ngo\u00e0i nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1ee9c th\u1eddi, giai \u0111o\u1ea1n ch\u1eadm t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 k\u00e9o d\u00e0i trong su\u1ed1t chu k\u1ef3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u01b0a ra th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3. B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y xem x\u00e9t b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t \u0111a y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a giai \u0111o\u1ea1n ch\u1eadm t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng sau cai s\u1eefa v\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u1eadm t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng sau cai s\u1eefa<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>C\u01a1 s\u1edf sinh l\u00fd<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i cai s\u1eefa li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ed9t ng\u1ed9t th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng th\u00edch nghi sinh l\u00fd c\u1ee7a heo con. Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u00e3 ghi nh\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1ee9c \u0103n ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 th\u01b0\u1eddng gi\u1ea3m xu\u1ed1ng 50-60% so v\u1edbi m\u1ee9c ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 ch\u1ea5t dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc cai s\u1eefa trong 24-48 gi\u1edd \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean sau cai s\u1eefa, v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 heo con h\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng \u0103n g\u00ec trong v\u00f2ng 36 gi\u1edd (Pluske et al., 2018). S\u1ef1 thi\u1ebfu h\u1ee5t dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng n\u00e0y tr\u00f9ng kh\u1edbp v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i h\u00ecnh th\u00e1i \u1edf ru\u1ed9t, bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Teo nhung mao<\/strong>: S\u1ef1 gi\u1ea3m 30-50% chi\u1ec1u cao nhung mao x\u1ea3y ra trong v\u00f2ng 24 gi\u1edd sau cai s\u1eefa, l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 di\u1ec7n t\u00edch b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t h\u1ea5p thu v\u00e0 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng enzyme ti\u00eau h\u00f3a (Boudry et al., 2004).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Thay \u0111\u1ed5i t\u00ednh th\u1ea5m c\u1ee7a ru\u1ed9t<\/strong>: C\u00e1c protein li\u00ean k\u1ebft ch\u1eb7t tr\u1ea3i qua qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u00e1i c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3, l\u00e0m suy gi\u1ea3m ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng h\u00e0ng r\u00e0o v\u00e0 t\u0103ng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb vi khu\u1ea9n x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng vi\u00eam (Moeser et al., 2017).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Thi\u1ebfu h\u1ee5t enzyme ti\u00eau h\u00f3a<\/strong>: S\u1ef1 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i t\u1eeb enzyme ti\u00eau h\u00f3a th\u00edch nghi v\u1edbi s\u1eefa (ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 lactase) sang nh\u1eefng enzyme c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft cho c\u00e1c c\u01a1 ch\u1ea5t c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt (amylase, protease) kh\u00f4ng ho\u00e0n ch\u1ec9nh \u1edf tu\u1ed5i cai s\u1eefa th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 ti\u00eau h\u00f3a gi\u1ea3m (Dong &amp; Pluske, 2007).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>C\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p ch\u00ednh<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c<\/strong>: Kh\u1ea9u ph\u1ea7n \u0103n cai s\u1eefa kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 so v\u1edbi s\u1eefa m\u1eb9 v\u1ec1 v\u1ecb, m\u00f9i v\u00e0 k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u. Heo con th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n r\u00f5 s\u1ef1 \u01b0a th\u00edch \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi v\u1ecb ng\u1ecdt v\u00e0 v\u1ecb umami, trong khi v\u1ecb \u0111\u1eafng v\u00e0 chua th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ecb t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i (Roura et al., 2016).<\/li>\n<li><strong>M\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ti\u00eau h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng<\/strong>: C\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ee9a c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 kh\u00e1ng dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng v\u00e0 carbohydrate ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ti\u00eau h\u00f3a so v\u1edbi ch\u1ea5t b\u00e9o v\u00e0 protein d\u1ec5 ti\u00eau h\u00f3a trong s\u1eefa n\u00e1i (Pluske, 2016).<\/li>\n<li><strong>H\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c v\u1eadt l\u00fd<\/strong>: K\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ea1t, k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u th\u1ee9c \u0103n v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c \u0103n v\u00e0 m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 \u1edf heo con ch\u01b0a quen (Sol\u00e0-Oriol et al., 2010).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>C\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i<\/strong>: Vi\u1ec7c tr\u1ed9n l\u1eabn v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng heo con kh\u00f4ng quen bi\u1ebft t\u1ea1o ra h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u00e2n c\u1ea5p \u01b0u th\u1ebf m\u1edbi, l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c \u0103n u\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 t\u0103ng m\u1ee9c cortisol, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m th\u00eam c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c th\u00e8m \u0103n (Campbell et al., 2013).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9<\/strong>: Heo con m\u1edbi cai s\u1eefa c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00f2a th\u00e2n nhi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf, v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng t\u1ed1i \u01b0u chuy\u1ec3n h\u01b0\u1edbng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eeb t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng sang nhu c\u1ea7u duy tr\u00ec (Le Dividich &amp; Herpin, 1994).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf m\u00e1ng \u0103n<\/strong>: Chi\u1ec1u cao m\u00e1ng \u0103n, kh\u00f4ng gian ph\u00e2n b\u1ed5 ho\u1eb7c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf kh\u00f4ng ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i \u0103n, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng heo con nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n ho\u1eb7c c\u00f3 v\u1ecb tr\u00ed th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n (Torrey et al., 2021).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>H\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 l\u00e2u d\u00e0i c\u1ee7a giai \u0111o\u1ea1n ch\u1eadm t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng sau cai s\u1eefa<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u cho th\u1ea5y giai \u0111o\u1ea1n ch\u1eadm t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng sau cai s\u1eefa c\u00f3 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng k\u00e9o d\u00e0i v\u01b0\u1ee3t xa giai \u0111o\u1ea1n ngay sau cai s\u1eefa:<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Thay \u0111\u1ed5i qu\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ea1o t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng su\u1ed1t \u0111\u1eddi<\/strong>: Heo con tr\u1ea3i qua s\u1ef1 suy gi\u1ea3m t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng sau cai s\u1eefa th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ea7n th\u00eam 7-10 ng\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng so v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng con duy tr\u00ec t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh (Main et al., 2004).<\/li>\n<li><strong>T\u0103ng s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t trong nh\u00f3m<\/strong>: S\u1ef1 suy gi\u1ea3m t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eebng c\u00e1 th\u1ec3 heo con kh\u00e1c nhau, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t l\u1edbn h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng trong c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t l\u00f4, l\u00e0m ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd sau n\u00e0y v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u01a1 s\u1edf (L\u00f3pez-Verg\u00e9 et al., 2018).<\/li>\n<li><strong>T\u0103ng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng m\u1eafc b\u1ec7nh<\/strong>: S\u1ef1 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p gi\u1eefa gi\u1ea3m ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 ch\u1ea5t dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng v\u00e0 suy gi\u1ea3m ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng h\u00e0ng r\u00e0o ru\u1ed9t t\u1ea1o ra m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng cho m\u1ea7m b\u1ec7nh c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, l\u00e0m t\u0103ng t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 m\u1eafc b\u1ec7nh trong su\u1ed1t chu k\u1ef3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t (Lauridsen, 2020).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>C\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Can thi\u1ec7p tr\u01b0\u1edbc cai s\u1eefa<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd cho \u0103n t\u1eadp (creep feeding) \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho m\u1ed9t c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m quen heo con v\u1edbi th\u1ee9c \u0103n \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi x\u1ea3y ra c\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng cai s\u1eefa. Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y ch\u1ec9 ra r\u1eb1ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p cung c\u1ea5p th\u1ee9c \u0103n t\u1eadp \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3:<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Th\u1ee9c \u0103n t\u1eadp l\u00e0m gi\u00e0u c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c<\/strong>: Cung c\u1ea5p nhi\u1ec1u b\u1eefa \u0103n nh\u1ecf h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y v\u1edbi c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 ngon mi\u1ec7ng cao c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u0103ng t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 \u201cng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0103n\u201d t\u1eeb 60% l\u00ean 85% tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi cai s\u1eefa (Middelkoop et al., 2019).<\/li>\n<li><strong>T\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i h\u00f3a<\/strong>: Cho ph\u00e9p heo con quan s\u00e1t h\u00e0nh vi \u0103n u\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a m\u1eb9 l\u00e0m t\u0103ng h\u00e0nh vi \u0103n th\u0103m d\u00f2. C\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng cho ph\u00e9p heo m\u1eb9 v\u00e0 heo con \u0103n c\u00f9ng nhau \u0111\u00e3 cho th\u1ea5y l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1ee9c \u0103n \u0111\u1eb7c ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 tr\u01b0\u1edbc cai s\u1eefa cao h\u01a1n 30-40% (Oostindjer et al., 2014).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c th\u1ee9c \u0103n<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>L\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9 ngon mi\u1ec7ng<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u li\u00ean t\u1ee5c ch\u1ee9ng minh r\u1eb1ng s\u1edf th\u00edch \u0103n u\u1ed1ng \u1edf heo con \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y b\u1edfi c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3:<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Ch\u1ea5t l\u00e0m ng\u1ecdt<\/strong>: \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng sucrose (b\u1ed5 sung 1-2%) ho\u1eb7c ch\u1ea5t l\u00e0m ng\u1ecdt nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o nh\u01b0 saccharin (0,015-0,03%) k\u00edch th\u00edch hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 vi\u1ec7c ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 th\u1ee9c \u0103n ban \u0111\u1ea7u (Clouard et al., 2012).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Ngu\u1ed3n protein ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao<\/strong>: Protein t\u1eeb s\u1eefa, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 whey protein c\u00f4 \u0111\u1eb7c (b\u1ed5 sung 5-10%) v\u00e0 huy\u1ebft t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt s\u1ea5y phun (b\u1ed5 sung 2-6%), l\u00e0m t\u0103ng \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed9 ngon mi\u1ec7ng v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c \u0103n so v\u1edbi protein th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt (Torrallardona, 2010).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u1ea5t b\u00e9o<\/strong>: Triglyceride chu\u1ed7i trung b\u00ecnh \u1edf m\u1ee9c b\u1ed5 sung 1-2% c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed9 ngon mi\u1ec7ng trong khi cung c\u1ea5p n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1eb5n c\u00f3 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh kh\u00e1ng khu\u1ea9n (Hong et al., 2012).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4><\/h4>\n<h4>H\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn<\/h4>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>T\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ea1t<\/strong>: Gi\u1ea3m k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ea1t ng\u0169 c\u1ed1c xu\u1ed1ng 400-600 \u03bcm c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ti\u00eau h\u00f3a, trong khi duy tr\u00ec m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 h\u1ea1t th\u00f4 h\u01a1n (10-15% tr\u00ean 1mm) th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ti\u00eau h\u00f3a v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m nguy c\u01a1 lo\u00e9t d\u1ea1 d\u00e0y (Lall\u00e8s et al., 2007).<\/li>\n<li><strong>K\u1ebft c\u1ea5u th\u1ee9c \u0103n<\/strong>: Th\u1ee9c \u0103n vi\u00ean th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 12-15% so v\u1edbi th\u1ee9c \u0103n d\u1ea1ng b\u1ed9t trong tu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean sau cai s\u1eefa, trong khi cho \u0103n d\u1ea1ng l\u1ecfng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn 25% trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n quan tr\u1ecdng n\u00e0y (Heo et al., 2018).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4><\/h4>\n<h4>Ph\u1ee5 gia th\u1ee9c \u0103n m\u1edbi<\/h4>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>H\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea1o h\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ecb<\/strong>: C\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t ph\u1ee5 gia h\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ecb \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t ch\u1ee9a th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n s\u1eefa, vani v\u00e0 c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng umami c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1ee9c \u0103n ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 15-20% trong tu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean sau cai s\u1eefa (Clouard &amp; Val-Laillet, 2014).<\/li>\n<li>C\u00e1c enzyme ti\u00eau h\u00f3a h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 h\u1ec7 ti\u00eau h\u00f3a non tr\u1ebb c\u1ee7a heo con, t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng ti\u00eau h\u00f3a v\u00e0 h\u1ea5p thu ch\u1ea5t dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n m\u1edbi chuy\u1ec3n t\u1eeb s\u1eefa m\u1eb9 sang lo\u1ea1i th\u1ee9c \u0103n th\u1ec3 r\u1eafn.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Ch\u1ea5t k\u00edch th\u00edch \u0103n<\/strong>: M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t t\u1eeb th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt (v\u00ed d\u1ee5: tinh d\u1ea7u h\u1ed3i, oregano \u1edf m\u1ee9c 100-150 ppm) th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c ngon mi\u1ec7ng \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c l\u1ee3i \u00edch th\u1ee9 c\u1ea5p th\u00f4ng qua \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh kh\u00e1ng khu\u1ea9n v\u00e0 ch\u1ed1ng vi\u00eam (Zeng et al., 2015).<\/li>\n<li><strong>D\u1eabn xu\u1ea5t butyrate<\/strong>: Natri butyrate \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi bao (b\u1ed5 sung 0,1-0,3%) h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 t\u00ednh to\u00e0n v\u1eb9n c\u1ee7a ru\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed9 ngon mi\u1ec7ng th\u00f4ng qua t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00ean th\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 v\u1ecb gi\u00e1c v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00f2a hormone \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ru\u1ed9t (Le Gall et al., 2009).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>C\u00e2n nh\u1eafc kinh t\u1ebf<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng ch\u1eadm t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng sau cai s\u1eefa \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho m\u1ed9t c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i kinh t\u1ebf \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3:<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y \u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh r\u1eb1ng m\u1ed7i ng\u00e0y t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1ecb m\u1ea5t trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n ngay sau cai s\u1eefa k\u00e9o d\u00e0i th\u1eddi gian ra th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00eam 1,5-2 ng\u00e0y, v\u1edbi chi ph\u00ed li\u00ean quan kho\u1ea3ng 0,90-1,10 euro cho m\u1ed7i heo m\u1ed7i ng\u00e0y trong c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ch\u00e2u \u00c2u (Lopez-Verge et al., 2018).<\/li>\n<li>Vi\u1ec7c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng kh\u1ea9u ph\u1ea7n \u0103n cai s\u1eefa \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9 ngon mi\u1ec7ng cao th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0m t\u0103ng chi ph\u00ed th\u1ee9c \u0103n 15-25 euro\/t\u1ea5n, nh\u01b0ng mang l\u1ea1i t\u1ef7 su\u1ea5t l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 t\u1eeb 3:1 \u0111\u1ebfn 4:1 th\u00f4ng qua c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m chi ph\u00ed thu\u1ed1c (Pluske, 2016).<\/li>\n<li>L\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1ee9c \u0103n ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 trong tu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean sau cai s\u1eefa c\u00f3 m\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd v\u1edbi hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t sau \u0111\u00f3 \u2013 m\u1ed7i l\u1ea7n t\u0103ng 50g l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1ee9c \u0103n ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 trung b\u00ecnh h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y trong 0-7 ng\u00e0y sau cai s\u1eefa t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1edbi kho\u1ea3ng 1kg tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 b\u1ed5 sung v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 42 (Tokach et al., 2017).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng giai \u0111o\u1ea1n ch\u1eadm t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng sau cai s\u1eefa \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p t\u00edch h\u1ee3p:<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh cho \u0103n theo giai \u0111o\u1ea1n<\/strong>: Th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh cho \u0103n 3 giai \u0111o\u1ea1n trong 3 tu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean sau cai s\u1eefa cho ph\u00e9p cung c\u1ea5p c\u00f3 m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n d\u1ec5 ti\u00eau h\u00f3a, ngon mi\u1ec7ng khi ch\u00fang mang l\u1ea1i l\u1ee3i \u00edch t\u1ed1i \u0111a.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn th\u1ee9c \u0103n<\/strong>: Cung c\u1ea5p th\u1ee9c \u0103n d\u1ea1ng l\u1ecfng b\u1ed5 sung (th\u1ee9c \u0103n tr\u1ed9n v\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc theo t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 1:1) 3-4 l\u1ea7n m\u1ed7i ng\u00e0y trong 48-72 gi\u1edd \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean sau cai s\u1eefa c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng heo con kh\u00f4ng \u0103n l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn 65% (Pluske et al., 2018).<\/li>\n<li><strong>T\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a kh\u00f4ng gian cho \u0103n<\/strong>: Cung c\u1ea5p 8-10 cm kh\u00f4ng gian m\u00e1ng \u0103n cho m\u1ed7i heo con v\u00e0 duy tr\u00ec \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u1ee7 m\u00e1ng \u0103n 50-75% \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 t\u01b0\u01a1i c\u1ee7a th\u1ee9c \u0103n (Torrey et al., 2021).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n ch\u1eadm t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng sau cai s\u1eefa \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho m\u1ed9t th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trong ch\u0103n nu\u00f4i heo hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c n\u00e2ng cao \u0111\u1ed9 ngon mi\u1ec7ng c\u1ee7a th\u1ee9c \u0103n, t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ti\u00eau h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng v\u00e0 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ti\u00eau h\u00f3a, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u0103n nu\u00f4i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 s\u1ef1 suy gi\u1ea3m t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn cai s\u1eefa v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 l\u00e2u d\u00e0i c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. M\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p th\u00edch nghi tr\u01b0\u1edbc cai s\u1eefa, c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c kh\u1ea9u ph\u1ea7n \u0103n \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd cho \u0103n chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c mang l\u1ea1i c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng li\u00ean t\u1ee5c th\u00f4ng qua giai \u0111o\u1ea1n chuy\u1ec3n ti\u1ebfp quan tr\u1ecdng n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><em>Nh\u00e0 ch\u0103n nu\u00f4i<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i t\u1eeb s\u1eefa sang th\u1ee9c \u0103n \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho m\u1ed9t th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c quan tr\u1ecdng trong c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ch\u0103n nu\u00f4i heo hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 trong dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd, heo con m\u1edbi cai s\u1eefa v\u1eabn th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean tr\u1ea3i qua giai \u0111o\u1ea1n ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 th\u1ee9c [&#8230;]\n","protected":false},"author":722,"featured_media":7801,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[27,89],"tags":[199,1065,125],"class_list":["post-7800","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-news","category-industry-news","tag-dinh-duong","tag-heo-con-moi-cai-sua","tag-thuoc-thu-y"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/apanano.vn\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7800","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/apanano.vn\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/apanano.vn\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/apanano.vn\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/722"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/apanano.vn\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7800"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/apanano.vn\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7800\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7802,"href":"https:\/\/apanano.vn\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7800\/revisions\/7802"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/apanano.vn\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/7801"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/apanano.vn\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7800"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/apanano.vn\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7800"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/apanano.vn\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7800"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}