{"id":7765,"date":"2025-05-20T10:23:33","date_gmt":"2025-05-20T03:23:33","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/apanano.com\/vi\/?p=7765"},"modified":"2025-05-20T10:23:33","modified_gmt":"2025-05-20T03:23:33","slug":"nhan-dien-va-loai-bo-cac-yeu-to-nguy-hai-trong-thuc-an-lon-con","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/apanano.vn\/vi\/nhan-dien-va-loai-bo-cac-yeu-to-nguy-hai-trong-thuc-an-lon-con\/","title":{"rendered":"Nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n v\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 nguy h\u1ea1i trong th\u1ee9c \u0103n l\u1ee3n con"},"content":{"rendered":"

Ti\u00eau ch\u1ea3y sau cai s\u1eefa \u1edf l\u1ee3n con l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u00e0nh ch\u0103n nu\u00f4i l\u1ee3n to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u, g\u00e2y ra thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i kinh t\u1ebf \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 do t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 m\u1eafc b\u1ec7nh v\u00e0 t\u1eed vong cao. C\u01a1 ch\u1ebf g\u00e2y b\u1ec7nh bao g\u1ed3m s\u1ef1 m\u1ea5t c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng gi\u1eefa h\u1ea5p thu v\u00e0 b\u00e0i ti\u1ebft ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng trong ru\u1ed9t, t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng ni\u00eam m\u1ea1c ru\u1ed9t, r\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n h\u1ec7 vi sinh \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ru\u1ed9t, v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng vi\u00eam. Nh\u1eefng y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 ch\u00ednh trong th\u1ee9c \u0103n g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n g\u00e2y ti\u00eau ch\u1ea3y bao g\u1ed3m m\u1ee9c protein th\u00f4 cao v\u00e0 protein k\u00e9m ti\u00eau h\u00f3a, c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t kh\u00e1ng dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng, l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u1ea5t x\u01a1 kh\u00f4ng ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p, tinh b\u1ed9t kh\u00e1ng ti\u00eau h\u00f3a, v\u00e0 m\u1ea5t c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng \u0111i\u1ec7n gi\u1ea3i. Hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 c\u00e1c c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf n\u00e0y s\u1ebd gi\u00fap ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 nh\u1eb1m c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ru\u1ed9t v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u nguy c\u01a1 ti\u00eau ch\u1ea3y \u1edf l\u1ee3n con sau cai s\u1eefa.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u<\/strong><\/p>\n

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Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n cai s\u1eefa l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng nh\u1ea5t trong \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a l\u1ee3n, khi l\u1ee3n con ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi v\u1ec1 dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng, x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, t\u00e2m l\u00fd, m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 sinh l\u00fd. Nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i n\u00e0y, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng, \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe c\u1ee7a l\u1ee3n con sau cai s\u1eefa. Ti\u00eau ch\u1ea3y sau cai s\u1eefa (PWD \u2013 Post-Weaning Diarrhea) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng tr\u00ean to\u00e0n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0nh ch\u0103n nu\u00f4i l\u1ee3n (Bonetti v\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng s\u1ef1, 2021).<\/p>\n

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Truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng, gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p ch\u00ednh \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t PWD bao g\u1ed3m s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng kh\u00e1ng sinh v\u00e0 oxit k\u1ebdm (ZnO) v\u1edbi li\u1ec1u cao trong th\u1ee9c \u0103n. Tuy nhi\u00ean, do nh\u1eefng lo ng\u1ea1i v\u1ec1 kh\u00e1ng kh\u00e1ng sinh v\u00e0 \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng, nhi\u1ec1u qu\u1ed1c gia \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf ho\u1eb7c c\u1ea5m s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t ph\u1ee5 gia n\u00e0y, \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p thay th\u1ebf hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3. M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0 hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n trong th\u1ee9c \u0103n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m t\u0103ng nguy c\u01a1 ti\u00eau ch\u1ea3y \u1edf l\u1ee3n con sau cai s\u1eefa.<\/p>\n

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B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y t\u1eadp trung ph\u00e2n t\u00edch c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 trong nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u th\u00f4 v\u00e0 kh\u1ea9u ph\u1ea7n \u0103n c\u1ee7a l\u1ee3n con c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m t\u0103ng t\u00ednh nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m v\u1edbi ti\u00eau ch\u1ea3y, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang l\u00ean h\u1ec7 ti\u00eau h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a l\u1ee3n con. Th\u00f4ng qua hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft s\u00e2u s\u1eafc v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c n\u00e0y, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt v\u00e0 b\u00e1c s\u0129 th\u00fa y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ru\u1ed9t v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u nguy c\u01a1 ti\u00eau ch\u1ea3y \u1edf l\u1ee3n con sau cai s\u1eefa.<\/p>\n

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C\u01a1 ch\u1ebf sinh l\u00fd b\u1ec7nh c\u1ee7a ti\u00eau ch\u1ea3y sau cai s\u1eefa<\/strong><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Ti\u00eau ch\u1ea3y v\u1ec1 b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t l\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 m\u1ea5t c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng gi\u1eefa h\u1ea5p thu v\u00e0 b\u00e0i ti\u1ebft ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng trong ru\u1ed9t. \u1ede l\u1ee3n con sau cai s\u1eefa, nhi\u1ec1u y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c \u0103n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n g\u00e2y ra t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng m\u1ea5t c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng n\u00e0y, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn ti\u00eau ch\u1ea3y.<\/p>\n

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S\u1ef1 m\u1ea5t c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng gi\u1eefa h\u1ea5p thu v\u00e0 b\u00e0i ti\u1ebft ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng<\/strong><\/p>\n

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C\u01a1 ch\u1ebf c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n g\u00e2y ti\u00eau ch\u1ea3y \u1edf l\u1ee3n con l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 m\u1ea5t c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng gi\u1eefa h\u1ea5p thu v\u00e0 b\u00e0i ti\u1ebft ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec7n gi\u1ea3i trong ru\u1ed9t. Khi b\u00e0i ti\u1ebft ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng h\u1ea5p thu, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 khi c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 b\u00e0i ti\u1ebft chloride (Cl-) t\u0103ng cao, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00edch t\u1ee5 ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng trong l\u00f2ng ru\u1ed9t v\u00e0 g\u00e2y ti\u00eau ch\u1ea3y (Li v\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng s\u1ef1, 2024).<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

T\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac ru\u1ed9t<\/strong><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Sau cai s\u1eefa, l\u1ee3n con th\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u1ea3i qua nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 v\u1ec1 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac ru\u1ed9t, bao g\u1ed3m teo nhung mao ru\u1ed9t, t\u0103ng s\u1ea3n m\u00f4 h\u1ea1t, gi\u1ea3m ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a enzyme b\u00e0n ch\u1ea3i bi\u00ean, v\u00e0 r\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n l\u1edbp mucin b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7. Nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i n\u00e0y l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ti\u00eau h\u00f3a v\u00e0 h\u1ea5p thu dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi t\u0103ng t\u00ednh th\u1ea5m c\u1ee7a ru\u1ed9t, t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n cho vi khu\u1ea9n g\u00e2y b\u1ec7nh nh\u01b0\u00a0E. coli<\/em>\u00a0enterotoxigenic (ETEC) x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp v\u00e0 g\u00e2y b\u1ec7nh (Pluske v\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng s\u1ef1, 2018).<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

R\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n h\u1ec7 vi sinh \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ru\u1ed9t<\/strong><\/p>\n

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Th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m cai s\u1eefa \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 trong h\u1ec7 vi sinh \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ru\u1ed9t c\u1ee7a l\u1ee3n con, t\u1eeb h\u1ec7 vi sinh ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 Lactobacillus v\u00e0 Bifidobacterium (li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn ti\u00eau h\u00f3a s\u1eefa) sang h\u1ec7 vi sinh ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00edch nghi v\u1edbi th\u1ee9c \u0103n d\u1ea1ng r\u1eafn. S\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn r\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n h\u1ec7 vi sinh \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ru\u1ed9t (dysbiosis), t\u1ea1o c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i cho vi khu\u1ea9n g\u00e2y b\u1ec7nh nh\u01b0 ETEC ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 g\u00e2y ti\u00eau ch\u1ea3y (Gresse v\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng s\u1ef1, 2017).<\/p>\n

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Ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng vi\u00eam<\/strong><\/p>\n

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Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n th\u1ee9c \u0103n kh\u00f4ng ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng vi\u00eam \u1edf \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ru\u1ed9t l\u1ee3n con, l\u00e0m tr\u1ea7m tr\u1ecdng th\u00eam t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng ni\u00eam m\u1ea1c ru\u1ed9t v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n cho vi khu\u1ea9n g\u00e2y b\u1ec7nh x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp. Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ec9 ra r\u1eb1ng kh\u1ea9u ph\u1ea7n protein cao c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u NF-\u03baB, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn t\u0103ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t cytokine ti\u1ec1n vi\u00eam v\u00e0 g\u00e2y ti\u00eau ch\u1ea3y (Wang v\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng s\u1ef1, 2021).<\/p>\n

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Protein v\u00e0 ti\u00eau ch\u1ea3y sau cai s\u1eefa<\/strong><\/p>\n

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M\u1ee9c protein th\u00f4 cao<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

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M\u1ee9c protein th\u00f4 (CP) cao trong kh\u1ea9u ph\u1ea7n \u0103n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng ch\u00ednh li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn PWD \u1edf l\u1ee3n con. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 l\u1ee3n con c\u00f3 nhu c\u1ea7u protein cao \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, nh\u01b0ng h\u1ec7 ti\u00eau h\u00f3a ch\u01b0a ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ho\u00e0n ch\u1ec9nh c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ti\u1ebft \u0111\u1ee7 enzyme \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u00eau h\u00f3a hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn protein. Protein kh\u00f4ng ti\u00eau h\u00f3a \u0111i v\u00e0o ru\u1ed9t gi\u00e0 s\u1ebd b\u1ecb l\u00ean men b\u1edfi vi sinh v\u1eadt, t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u00f3 h\u1ea1i nh\u01b0 amoniac, amine, indole, v\u00e0 phenol, g\u00e2y \u0111\u1ed9c cho ni\u00eam m\u1ea1c ru\u1ed9t v\u00e0 k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t ti\u00eau ch\u1ea3y (Li v\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng s\u1ef1, 2024).<\/p>\n

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Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u cho th\u1ea5y kh\u1ea9u ph\u1ea7n v\u1edbi 23% CP c\u00f3 t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 ti\u00eau ch\u1ea3y cao h\u01a1n \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 so v\u1edbi kh\u1ea9u ph\u1ea7n 17% CP \u1edf l\u1ee3n con 21-35 ng\u00e0y tu\u1ed5i (T\u00e1ng v\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng s\u1ef1, 2015). Ngo\u00e0i ra, m\u1ee9c protein cao c\u00f2n li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 gia t\u0103ng vi khu\u1ea9n proteolytic v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m vi khu\u1ea9n c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i nh\u01b0 Lactobacillus, l\u00e0m thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng vi sinh \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ru\u1ed9t v\u00e0 t\u0103ng nguy c\u01a1 ti\u00eau ch\u1ea3y.<\/p>\n

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Ngu\u1ed3n protein k\u00e9m ti\u00eau h\u00f3a<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

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Kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 m\u1ee9c protein m\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n protein c\u0169ng \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong PWD. Protein t\u1eeb th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1eadu n\u00e0nh th\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ee9a c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t kh\u00e1ng dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng v\u00e0 c\u00f3 t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 axit amin kh\u00f4ng c\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed1i, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ti\u00eau h\u00f3a k\u00e9m h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi protein \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt nh\u01b0 b\u1ed9t c\u00e1, b\u1ed9t huy\u1ebft t\u01b0\u01a1ng, ho\u1eb7c protein tr\u1ee9ng. Protein k\u00e9m ti\u00eau h\u00f3a s\u1ebd \u0111i qua ru\u1ed9t non v\u00e0 b\u1ecb l\u00ean men \u1edf ru\u1ed9t gi\u00e0, t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i cho ni\u00eam m\u1ea1c ru\u1ed9t v\u00e0 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a vi khu\u1ea9n g\u00e2y b\u1ec7nh (Heo v\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng s\u1ef1, 2013).<\/p>\n

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C\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t kh\u00e1ng dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng<\/strong><\/p>\n

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Ch\u1ea5t \u1ee9c ch\u1ebf trypsin<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u0110\u1eadu n\u00e0nh v\u00e0 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1eadu kh\u00e1c trong kh\u1ea9u ph\u1ea7n \u0103n c\u1ee7a l\u1ee3n con th\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ee9a ch\u1ea5t \u1ee9c ch\u1ebf trypsin, l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ti\u00eau h\u00f3a protein v\u00e0 t\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng protein kh\u00f4ng ti\u00eau h\u00f3a \u0111i v\u00e0o ru\u1ed9t gi\u00e0. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng c\u1ee7a kh\u1ea9u ph\u1ea7n m\u00e0 c\u00f2n t\u1ea1o c\u01a1 s\u1edf cho s\u1ef1 l\u00ean men protein \u1edf ru\u1ed9t gi\u00e0, g\u00e2y ti\u00eau ch\u1ea3y (Lalles v\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng s\u1ef1, 2007).<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Lectin v\u00e0 glycinin<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Lectin (ho\u1eb7c hemagglutinin) v\u00e0 glycinin c\u00f3 trong c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1eadu, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 \u0111\u1eadu n\u00e0nh, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u1eafn v\u00e0o bi\u1ec3u m\u00f4 ru\u1ed9t, g\u00e2y vi\u00eam v\u00e0 t\u0103ng t\u00ednh th\u1ea5m c\u1ee7a ru\u1ed9t. Nh\u1eefng protein n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ra ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng d\u1ecb \u1ee9ng \u1edf l\u1ee3n con, l\u00e0m t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng ni\u00eam m\u1ea1c ru\u1ed9t v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n cho vi khu\u1ea9n g\u00e2y b\u1ec7nh x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn ti\u00eau ch\u1ea3y (Chen v\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng s\u1ef1, 2011).<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Tannin v\u00e0 saponin<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Tannin v\u00e0 saponin c\u00f3 trong nhi\u1ec1u nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u1ee9c ch\u1ebf c\u00e1c enzyme ti\u00eau h\u00f3a, l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ti\u00eau h\u00f3a v\u00e0 h\u1ea5p thu dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng. \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, tannin c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi protein v\u00e0 enzyme ti\u00eau h\u00f3a, l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ti\u00eau h\u00f3a protein. Saponin c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c v\u1edbi m\u00e0ng t\u1ebf b\u00e0o c\u1ee7a bi\u1ec3u m\u00f4 ru\u1ed9t, l\u00e0m t\u0103ng t\u00ednh th\u1ea5m v\u00e0 g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n g\u00e2y ti\u00eau ch\u1ea3y (Jansman v\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng s\u1ef1, 2019).<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Ch\u1ea5t x\u01a1 v\u00e0 carbohydrate<\/strong><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Ch\u1ea5t x\u01a1 h\u00f2a tan v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng h\u00f2a tan<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Ch\u1ea5t x\u01a1 \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p trong s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ru\u1ed9t c\u1ee7a l\u1ee3n con. Ch\u1ea5t x\u01a1 h\u00f2a tan (nh\u01b0 \u03b2-glucan, pectin) l\u00e0m t\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1edbt c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t ch\u1ee9a trong ru\u1ed9t, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m ch\u1eadm qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ti\u00eau h\u00f3a v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng h\u1ea5p thu dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng. Tuy nhi\u00ean, ch\u1ea5t x\u01a1 h\u00f2a tan c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00ean men b\u1edfi vi khu\u1ea9n c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i, t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c axit b\u00e9o chu\u1ed7i ng\u1eafn (SCFAs) c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i cho s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ru\u1ed9t.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

M\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c, ch\u1ea5t x\u01a1 kh\u00f4ng h\u00f2a tan (nh\u01b0 lignin, cellulose) c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng gi\u1ea3m th\u1eddi gian l\u01b0u th\u1ee9c \u0103n trong ru\u1ed9t, gi\u1ea3m c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i cho vi khu\u1ea9n g\u00e2y b\u1ec7nh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, nh\u01b0ng n\u1ebfu qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ra ti\u00eau ch\u1ea3y c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc (Pieper v\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng s\u1ef1, 2012). C\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i ch\u1ea5t x\u01a1 trong kh\u1ea9u ph\u1ea7n l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t trong 2 tu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u sau cai s\u1eefa khi kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ti\u00eau h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a l\u1ee3n con c\u00f2n h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Tinh b\u1ed9t kh\u00e1ng ti\u00eau h\u00f3a<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Tinh b\u1ed9t kh\u00e1ng ti\u00eau h\u00f3a (RS) l\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n tinh b\u1ed9t kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u00eau h\u00f3a trong ru\u1ed9t non v\u00e0 \u0111i v\u00e0o ru\u1ed9t gi\u00e0, n\u01a1i ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00ean men b\u1edfi vi khu\u1ea9n. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u1ecf RS c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i cho h\u1ec7 vi sinh \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ru\u1ed9t, nh\u01b0ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ra s\u1ef1 l\u00ean men qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn t\u0103ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t kh\u00ed, \u0111au b\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 ti\u00eau ch\u1ea3y. C\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n RS trong kh\u1ea9u ph\u1ea7n l\u1ee3n con bao g\u1ed3m ng\u0169 c\u1ed1c ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1eed l\u00fd nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7, khoai lang, v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1eadu (Li v\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng s\u1ef1, 2019).<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

M\u1ea5t c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng \u0111i\u1ec7n gi\u1ea3i<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

C\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng \u0111i\u1ec7n gi\u1ea3i trong kh\u1ea9u ph\u1ea7n, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa natri, kali v\u00e0 clo, c\u00f3 vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c duy tr\u00ec c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ru\u1ed9t. M\u1ea5t c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng \u0111i\u1ec7n gi\u1ea3i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u00e1p su\u1ea5t th\u1ea9m th\u1ea5u trong ru\u1ed9t, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn r\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n h\u1ea5p thu v\u00e0 b\u00e0i ti\u1ebft ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Kh\u1ea9u ph\u1ea7n c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ec7m axit (ABC) cao, ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu do h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng canxi cao ho\u1eb7c m\u1ea5t c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng \u0111i\u1ec7n gi\u1ea3i, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m t\u0103ng pH d\u1ea1 d\u00e0y, gi\u1ea3m hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 ti\u00eau h\u00f3a protein v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i cho s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a vi khu\u1ea9n g\u00e2y b\u1ec7nh trong ru\u1ed9t, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn ti\u00eau ch\u1ea3y (Li v\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng s\u1ef1, 2024).<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

T\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9c t\u1ed1 n\u1ea5m m\u1ed1c<\/strong><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Deoxynivalenol (DON)<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Deoxynivalenol, c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 vomitoxin, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed9c t\u1ed1 n\u1ea5m m\u1ed1c th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p trong ng\u0169 c\u1ed1c b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec5m n\u1ea5m Fusarium. DON c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng cho ni\u00eam m\u1ea1c ru\u1ed9t, l\u00e0m t\u0103ng t\u00ednh th\u1ea5m c\u1ee7a ru\u1ed9t v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n cho vi khu\u1ea9n g\u00e2y b\u1ec7nh v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9c t\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp. Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u cho th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng ngay c\u1ea3 \u1edf m\u1ee9c th\u1ea5p, DON c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m suy gi\u1ea3m ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a ni\u00eam m\u1ea1c ru\u1ed9t v\u00e0 l\u00e0m tr\u1ea7m tr\u1ecdng th\u00eam t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng ti\u00eau ch\u1ea3y do ETEC g\u00e2y ra \u1edf l\u1ee3n con sau cai s\u1eefa (Li v\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng s\u1ef1, 2024).<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ed9c t\u1ed1 n\u1ea5m kh\u00e1c<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Ngo\u00e0i DON, c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9c t\u1ed1 n\u1ea5m kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0 aflatoxin, ochratoxin A, v\u00e0 zearalenone c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t trong nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u th\u1ee9c \u0103n v\u00e0 g\u00e2y ra t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c l\u00ean s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ru\u1ed9t c\u1ee7a l\u1ee3n con. Nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed9c t\u1ed1 n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ra t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng gan, th\u1eadn, v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch, l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u00f2ng v\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c t\u00e1c nh\u00e2n g\u00e2y ti\u00eau ch\u1ea3y (Pinton v\u00e0 Oswald, 2014).<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n th\u1ee9c \u0103n<\/strong><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

C\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n th\u1ee9c \u0103n kh\u00f4ng t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp m\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c v\u1edbi nhau trong \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ti\u00eau h\u00f3a, v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m t\u0103ng ho\u1eb7c gi\u1ea3m nguy c\u01a1 ti\u00eau ch\u1ea3y. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p gi\u1eefa m\u1ee9c protein cao v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t x\u01a1 h\u00f2a tan c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 l\u00ean men qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c \u1edf ru\u1ed9t gi\u00e0, t\u1ea1o ra nhi\u1ec1u amoniac v\u00e0 amine h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi khi ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t trong hai y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 n\u00e0y (Pieper v\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng s\u1ef1, 2012).<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1, s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t kh\u00e1ng dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m tr\u1ea7m tr\u1ecdng th\u00eam t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a m\u1ee9c protein kh\u00f4ng ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p ho\u1eb7c tinh b\u1ed9t kh\u00e1ng ti\u00eau h\u00f3a. Vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 nh\u1eefng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c kh\u1ea9u ph\u1ea7n c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng nh\u1eb1m gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u nguy c\u01a1 ti\u00eau ch\u1ea3y \u1edf l\u1ee3n con sau cai s\u1eefa.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u ti\u00eau ch\u1ea3y sau cai s\u1eefa<\/strong><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

T\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a m\u1ee9c v\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n protein<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m PWD l\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m m\u1ee9c protein th\u00f4 trong kh\u1ea9u ph\u1ea7n v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n protein c\u00f3 t\u00ednh ti\u00eau h\u00f3a cao. Kh\u1ea9u ph\u1ea7n v\u1edbi 17-18% CP, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ed5 sung c\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed1i c\u00e1c axit amin t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p, \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ee9ng minh l\u00e0 l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 ti\u00eau ch\u1ea3y so v\u1edbi kh\u1ea9u ph\u1ea7n c\u00f3 21-23% CP (Heo v\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng s\u1ef1, 2013).<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n protein c\u00f3 t\u00ednh ti\u00eau h\u00f3a cao nh\u01b0 b\u1ed9t huy\u1ebft t\u01b0\u01a1ng, protein tr\u1ee9ng, ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1eadu n\u00e0nh \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1eed l\u00fd \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t kh\u00e1ng dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng protein kh\u00f4ng ti\u00eau h\u00f3a \u0111i v\u00e0o ru\u1ed9t gi\u00e0 v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m nguy c\u01a1 ti\u00eau ch\u1ea3y.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

X\u1eed l\u00fd nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m ch\u1ea5t kh\u00e1ng dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

C\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p x\u1eed l\u00fd nh\u01b0 nung n\u00f3ng, l\u00ean men, ho\u1eb7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng enzyme c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t kh\u00e1ng dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng trong nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, x\u1eed l\u00fd nhi\u1ec7t th\u00edch h\u1ee3p c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 v\u00f4 hi\u1ec7u h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t \u1ee9c ch\u1ebf trypsin v\u00e0 lectin trong \u0111\u1eadu n\u00e0nh, trong khi l\u00ean men c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 kh\u00e1ng dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng trong nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt (Adeola v\u00e0 Cowieson, 2011).<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

C\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng ngu\u1ed3n v\u00e0 m\u1ee9c ch\u1ea5t x\u01a1<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

C\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng gi\u1eefa ch\u1ea5t x\u01a1 h\u00f2a tan v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng h\u00f2a tan trong kh\u1ea9u ph\u1ea7n l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng. Trong 1-2 tu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u sau cai s\u1eefa, khi kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ti\u00eau h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a l\u1ee3n con c\u00f2n h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf, n\u00ean h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf ch\u1ea5t x\u01a1 h\u00f2a tan \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh s\u1ef1 l\u00ean men qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c. Sau \u0111\u00f3, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n t\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u1ea5t x\u01a1 l\u00ean men \u0111\u1ec3 k\u00edch th\u00edch s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a vi khu\u1ea9n c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i v\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t SCFAs (Li v\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng s\u1ef1, 2019).<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ec7m axit v\u00e0 c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng \u0111i\u1ec7n gi\u1ea3i<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Kh\u1ea9u ph\u1ea7n v\u1edbi kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ec7m axit th\u1ea5p, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 v\u1edbi m\u1ee9c canxi ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u00e0 c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng \u0111i\u1ec7n gi\u1ea3i t\u1ed1t, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap duy tr\u00ec pH d\u1ea1 d\u00e0y th\u1ea5p, t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng ti\u00eau h\u00f3a protein v\u00e0 ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a vi khu\u1ea9n g\u00e2y b\u1ec7nh. S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c kho\u00e1ng ch\u1ea5t d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng h\u1eefu c\u01a1 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m m\u1ee9c tro trong kh\u1ea9u ph\u1ea7n v\u00e0 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng \u0111i\u1ec7n gi\u1ea3i (Heo v\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng s\u1ef1, 2013).<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ee5 gia th\u1ee9c \u0103n<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

C\u00e1c ph\u1ee5 gia th\u1ee9c \u0103n nh\u01b0 axit h\u1eefu c\u01a1, prebiotics, probiotics, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c chi\u1ebft xu\u1ea5t th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ru\u1ed9t v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m nguy c\u01a1 ti\u00eau ch\u1ea3y. Axit h\u1eefu c\u01a1 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m pH \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ru\u1ed9t, \u1ee9c ch\u1ebf s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a vi khu\u1ea9n g\u00e2y b\u1ec7nh, v\u00e0 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n ti\u00eau h\u00f3a. Prebiotics nh\u01b0 mannanoligosaccharides (MOS) c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a vi khu\u1ea9n c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i, trong khi probiotics nh\u01b0 Lactobacillus v\u00e0 Bifidobacterium c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea1nh tranh v\u1edbi vi khu\u1ea9n g\u00e2y b\u1ec7nh v\u00e0 t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ru\u1ed9t (Liu v\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng s\u1ef1, 2018).<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn<\/strong><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Ti\u00eau ch\u1ea3y sau cai s\u1eefa \u1edf l\u1ee3n con l\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p, trong \u0111\u00f3 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n th\u1ee9c \u0103n \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng. M\u1ee9c protein th\u00f4 cao, protein k\u00e9m ti\u00eau h\u00f3a, c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t kh\u00e1ng dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng, m\u1ea5t c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ea5t x\u01a1, tinh b\u1ed9t kh\u00e1ng ti\u00eau h\u00f3a, v\u00e0 m\u1ea5t c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng \u0111i\u1ec7n gi\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m t\u0103ng nguy c\u01a1 ti\u00eau ch\u1ea3y th\u00f4ng qua nhi\u1ec1u c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf kh\u00e1c nhau, bao g\u1ed3m l\u00e0m t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng ni\u00eam m\u1ea1c ru\u1ed9t, r\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n h\u1ec7 vi sinh \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ru\u1ed9t, v\u00e0 k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng vi\u00eam.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 nh\u1eefng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n th\u1ee9c \u0103n v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 ti\u00eau h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a l\u1ee3n con l\u00e0 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 nh\u1eb1m gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u nguy c\u01a1 ti\u00eau ch\u1ea3y sau cai s\u1eefa. Nh\u1eefng chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00e0y bao g\u1ed3m t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a m\u1ee9c v\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n protein, x\u1eed l\u00fd nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m ch\u1ea5t kh\u00e1ng dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng, c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng ngu\u1ed3n v\u00e0 m\u1ee9c ch\u1ea5t x\u01a1, ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ec7m axit v\u00e0 c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng \u0111i\u1ec7n gi\u1ea3i, v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c ph\u1ee5 gia th\u1ee9c \u0103n ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng kh\u00e1ng sinh v\u00e0 oxit k\u1ebdm, vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c kh\u1ea9u ph\u1ea7n th\u1ee9c \u0103n c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng v\u00e0 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi nhu c\u1ea7u dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ti\u00eau h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a l\u1ee3n con sau cai s\u1eefa l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ru\u1ed9t v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u ti\u00eau ch\u1ea3y, g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0nh ch\u0103n nu\u00f4i l\u1ee3n.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Nh\u00e0 ch\u0103n nu\u00f4i<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Ti\u00eau ch\u1ea3y sau cai s\u1eefa \u1edf l\u1ee3n con l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u00e0nh ch\u0103n nu\u00f4i l\u1ee3n to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u, g\u00e2y ra thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i kinh t\u1ebf \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 do t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 m\u1eafc b\u1ec7nh v\u00e0 t\u1eed vong cao. C\u01a1 ch\u1ebf g\u00e2y b\u1ec7nh bao g\u1ed3m s\u1ef1 m\u1ea5t c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng gi\u1eefa h\u1ea5p thu v\u00e0 b\u00e0i ti\u1ebft […]\n","protected":false},"author":722,"featured_media":7442,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[27,89],"tags":[961,1054,125],"class_list":["post-7765","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-news","category-industry-news","tag-he-vi-sinh-duong-ruot","tag-nganh-chan-nuoi-lon","tag-thuoc-thu-y"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/apanano.vn\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7765","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/apanano.vn\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/apanano.vn\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/apanano.vn\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/722"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/apanano.vn\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7765"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/apanano.vn\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7765\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7767,"href":"https:\/\/apanano.vn\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7765\/revisions\/7767"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/apanano.vn\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/7442"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/apanano.vn\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7765"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/apanano.vn\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7765"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/apanano.vn\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7765"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}