{"id":1123,"date":"2016-08-22T09:31:20","date_gmt":"2016-08-22T02:31:20","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/apanano.com\/?p=1123"},"modified":"2023-02-24T17:14:46","modified_gmt":"2023-02-24T10:14:46","slug":"roi-loan-di-truyen-o-heo-va-cach-khac-phuc","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/apanano.vn\/vi\/roi-loan-di-truyen-o-heo-va-cach-khac-phuc\/","title":{"rendered":"R\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n di truy\u1ec1n \u1edf heo v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c"},"content":{"rendered":"

(Ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ch\u0103n Nu\u00f4i) – C\u00e1c r\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n di truy\u1ec1n \u1edf heo th\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00e1t sinh t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u00ean h\u1ec7 gen c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang. C\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 b\u1ec7nh s\u1ebd th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n ngay \u1edf heo m\u1edbi sinh (b\u1ea9m sinh), tuy nhi\u00ean c\u0169ng c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u b\u1ec7nh ch\u1ec9 bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n \u1edf giai \u0111o\u1ea1n heo tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh ho\u1eb7c sau khi gi\u1ebft m\u1ed5.<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

C\u00f3 200 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ec7nh do r\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n gen g\u00e2y ra t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng b\u1ec7nh r\u1ea5t hi\u1ebfm \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn. Th\u00f4ng tin chi ti\u1ebft c\u1ee7a t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i b\u1ec7nh tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0u tr\u1eef t\u1ea1i Online Mendelian Inheritance in Animals (OMIA) (m\u1ed9t c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c gen, c\u00e1c r\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n di truy\u1ec1n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u00ednh tr\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt). \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u01a1 s\u1edf cung c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 v\u00e0 chi ti\u1ebft c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 t\u00ednh tr\u1ea1ng, c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 b\u1ec7nh c\u1ee7a heo. Trong \u0111\u00f3 \u201cb\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 m\u00e0u v\u1ec1 b\u1ec7nh v\u00e0 c\u00e1c r\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a heo\u201d c\u1ee7a t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 Smith, Taylor v\u00e0 Penny \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n mang nhi\u1ec1u th\u00f4ng tin h\u1eefu \u00edch cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ecdc.<\/p>\n

\"20160822_roi-loan-di-truyen-o-heo_1\"<\/p>\n

Quan b\u1ea3ng 1 cho th\u1ea5y: T\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 m\u1eafc khuy\u1ebft t\u1eadt kh\u00e1c nhau gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c trang tr\u1ea1i, trong \u0111\u00f3: T\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 heo b\u1ecb d\u1ecb t\u1eadt \u1edf ch\u00e2n l\u00e0 bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p nh\u1ea5t; ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ebfn l\u00e0 tho\u00e1i h\u00f3a c\u01a1 quan sinh d\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ef1c, tho\u00e1i h\u00f3a r\u1ed1n, m\u1ea5t\/h\u1eb9p b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn sinh d\u1ee5c c\u00e1i; trong m\u1ed9t \u0111\u00e0n nu\u00f4i, n\u1ebfu c\u00f3 t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 heo b\u1ecb r\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n di truy\u1ec1n 2,3 – 5% \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 \u201cb\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng\u201d.<\/p>\n

\"20160822_roi-loan-di-truyen-o-heo_2\"<\/p>\n

Thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i kinh t\u1ebf<\/h4>\n

V\u1edbi nu\u00f4i heo quy m\u00f4 l\u1edbn, th\u00ec t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 heo b\u1ecb khuy\u1ebft t\u1eadt g\u00e2y thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i l\u1edbn t\u1edbi chi ph\u00ed s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t do \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a to\u00e0n trang tr\u1ea1i. D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a b\u1ed1n nh\u00f3m b\u1ec7nh ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn do r\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n di truy\u1ec1n g\u00e2y ra t\u1edbi kinh t\u1ebf cho trang tr\u1ea1i:<\/p>\n

T\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 t\u1eed vong chung 0,263% t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng 380 con heo th\u00ec c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t con b\u1ecb ch\u1ebft. D\u1ef1a tr\u00ean s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea c\u1ee7a FAO n\u0103m 2015, t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 ch\u1ebft n\u00e0y t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1edbi thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i kho\u1ea3ng 3.340.000 heo con; Theo \u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9, chi ph\u00ed nu\u00f4i m\u1ed9t con heo l\u00e0 30 USD, nh\u01b0 v\u1eady v\u1edbi b\u1ed1n b\u1ec7nh do r\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n di truy\u1ec1n, ng\u00e0nh ch\u0103n nu\u00f4i heo<\/a> to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u m\u1ed7i n\u0103m thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i h\u01a1n 100 tri\u1ec7u USD.<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u cho bi\u1ebft, gi\u1ed1ng heo Landrace m\u1eb7c b\u1ec7nh tho\u00e1i h\u00f3a r\u1ed1n cao h\u01a1n so c\u00e1c gi\u1ed1ng heo kh\u00e1c; c\u00e1c gi\u1ed1ng heo nh\u1ecf d\u1ec5 m\u1eafc c\u00e1c d\u1ecb t\u1eadt cao h\u01a1n; heo Duroc v\u00e0 c\u00e1c gi\u1ed1ng heo nh\u1ecf d\u1ec5 m\u1eafc c\u00e1c kh\u1ed1i u \u00e1c t\u00ednh h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n

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T\u0103ng th\u00e2n nhi\u1ec7t \u00e1c t\u00ednh<\/h4>\n

Trong c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u OMIA c\u00f3 44 d\u1ecb t\u1eadt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u00e2y ra b\u1edfi m\u1ed9t gen duy nh\u1ea5t. Trong \u0111\u00f3, d\u1ecb t\u1eadt \u0111\u00e1ng l\u01b0u \u00fd nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 t\u0103ng th\u00e2n nhi\u1ec7t \u00e1c t\u00ednh, hay c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee9ng c\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng \u1edf heo (PSS) ho\u1eb7c c\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ed9t bi\u1ebfn halothane. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee9ng b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng do \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t thay \u0111\u1ed5i k\u00fd t\u1ef1 trong m\u00e3 di truy\u1ec1n ADN.<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n t\u00edch c\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee9ng nh\u01b0 l\u00e0m t\u0103ng t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 n\u1ea1c v\u00e0 thay \u0111\u1ed5i k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a heo d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 gia t\u0103ng nhanh ch\u00f3ng trong t\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 gen c\u1ee7a h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i heo trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1970 v\u00e0 1980. Tuy nhi\u00ean, \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 1991, vi\u1ec7c bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i gen \u0111\u00e3 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n nh\u1eefng nh\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m nh\u01b0 heo ch\u1ebft \u0111\u1ed9t ng\u1ed9t, c\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng, ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1ecbt k\u00e9m. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u00e3 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m thay \u0111\u1ed5i AND \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ec3 cho ph\u00e9p x\u00f3a ki\u1ec3u gen b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng \u1edf c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i heo nu\u00f4i ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn.<\/p>\n

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Khuy\u1ebft t\u1eadt tinh tr\u00f9ng ng\u1eafn \u0111u\u00f4i<\/h4>\n

Khuy\u1ebft t\u1eadt tinh tr\u00f9ng ng\u1eafn \u0111u\u00f4i (ISTS) do r\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n di truy\u1ec1n g\u00e2y ra l\u00e0m s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng tinh tr\u00f9ng gi\u1ea3m v\u00e0 l\u00e0m t\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng tinh tr\u00f9ng b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng \u1edf heo. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 khi\u1ebfm khuy\u1ebft n\u00e0y hi\u1ebfm khi x\u1ea3y ra nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 g\u00e2y ra nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 n\u1ebfu n\u00f3 t\u1eadp trung t\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t trang tr\u1ea1i (\u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 x\u1ea3y ra t\u1ea1i s\u1ed1 heo tr\u1eafng c\u1ee7a Ph\u1ea7n Lan c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e2y v\u00e0i n\u0103m). Tuy nhi\u00ean, h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ecb t\u1eadt n\u00e0y b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u v\u00e0 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn gen h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c gen \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 SPEF2 (tinh tr\u00f9ng flagella 2).<\/p>\n

Tho\u00e1i h\u00f3a b\u1eb9n, tinh ho\u00e0n, r\u1ed1n l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng khi\u1ebfm khuy\u1ebft do r\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n \u0111a gen g\u00e2y ra. Nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00f3m nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111ang n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 DNA \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb tr\u00ed c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u00e2n t\u1eed li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng d\u1ecb t\u1eadt n\u00e0y nh\u1eb1m \u0111\u01b0a ra h\u01b0\u1edbng gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft.<\/p>\n

D\u1ecb t\u1eadt \u1edf ch\u00e2n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p b\u1edfi n\u00f3 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec1u y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 di truy\u1ec1n bao g\u1ed3m dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng (choline v\u00e0 methionine), \u0111\u1ed9c t\u1ed1 (zearalenone) v\u00e0 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng (\u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 tr\u01a1n b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t s\u00e0n) ho\u1eb7c do v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 sinh d\u1ee5c \u1edf heo \u0111\u1ef1c.<\/p>\n

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Bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p x\u1eed l\u00fd<\/h4>\n

\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u0103n nu\u00f4i, c\u00e1c khuy\u1ebft t\u1eadt c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 l\u1edbn b\u1edfi xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng c\u00e1c bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n b\u1ec7nh do r\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n di truy\u1ec1n ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi m\u1ee9c th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 x\u1ea3y ra nhanh trong th\u1eddi gian ng\u1eafn. Trong \u0111\u00f3, tho\u00e1i h\u00f3a v\u00e0 m\u1ea5t kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng sinh s\u1ea3n th\u01b0\u1eddng x\u1ea3y ra ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 c\u00f3 t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 t\u1edbi 5%. Do \u0111\u00f3, trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p ng\u01b0\u1eddi nu\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m ADN t\u1ea1i trang tr\u1ea1i, c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i xem x\u00e9t \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 sau: s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c gi\u1ed1ng nu\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn h\u1ec7 gen; trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c d\u1ecb t\u1eadt xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec1u trong tr\u1ea1i c\u1ea7n ki\u1ec3m tra l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u1ea5m m\u1ed1c trong th\u1ee9c \u0103n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 \u0103n u\u1ed1ng, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ed5 sung acid amin; c\u1ea7n l\u01b0u \u00fd \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng (m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 d\u1ecb t\u1eadt tr\u00ean heo t\u0103ng theo m\u00f9a nh\u01b0 sa tr\u1ef1c tr\u00e0ng (t\u0103ng ho, ti\u00eau ch\u1ea3y, ch\u1eefa ch\u00e1y, ch\u1ed7 \u1edf m\u1edbi v\u00e0o m\u00f9a thu v\u00e0 d\u1ecb t\u1eadt \u1edf ch\u00e2n t\u0103ng do \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n s\u00e0n trong \u0111\u1ebb nh\u00e0 \u1edf).<\/p>\n

Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng khi trong \u0111\u00e0n c\u00f3 t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 d\u1ecb t\u1eadt cao g\u00e2y thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i kinh t\u1ebf nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng, ng\u01b0\u1eddi nu\u00f4i n\u00ean xem x\u00e9t \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c ti\u00eau h\u1ee7y c\u00e1c con v\u1eadt b\u1ecb r\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n di truy\u1ec1n. \u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi, ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh l\u01b0u gi\u1eef h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 theo d\u00f5i t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh x\u1ea3y ra t\u1ea1i tr\u1ea1i nu\u00f4i \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p x\u1eed l\u00fd k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi. L\u1eadp b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 b\u1ed9 gen v\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u ph\u00e2n t\u1eed \u1edf heo \u0111ang t\u00edch c\u1ef1c gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 cho nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 do c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 di truy\u1ec1n tr\u00ean ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Do \u0111\u00f3, h\u1ec7 qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u di truy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng di truy\u1ec1n \u1edf heo trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai.<\/p>\n

Ho\u00e0ng Ng\u00e2n (Nguoichannuoi.vn)<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

(Ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ch\u0103n Nu\u00f4i) – C\u00e1c r\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n di truy\u1ec1n \u1edf heo th\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00e1t sinh t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u00ean h\u1ec7 gen c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang. C\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 b\u1ec7nh s\u1ebd th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n ngay \u1edf heo m\u1edbi sinh (b\u1ea9m sinh), tuy nhi\u00ean c\u0169ng c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u b\u1ec7nh ch\u1ec9 bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n \u1edf giai \u0111o\u1ea1n heo tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh ho\u1eb7c sau khi […]\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1125,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[33,62,28],"tags":[82,55,51,81],"class_list":["post-1123","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-livestock","category-veterinary","category-technical-support","tag-benh-o-heo","tag-nuoi-heo","tag-pig","tag-pig-diseases"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/apanano.vn\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1123","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/apanano.vn\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/apanano.vn\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/apanano.vn\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/apanano.vn\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1123"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/apanano.vn\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1123\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6613,"href":"https:\/\/apanano.vn\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1123\/revisions\/6613"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/apanano.vn\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1125"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/apanano.vn\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1123"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/apanano.vn\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1123"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/apanano.vn\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1123"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}