{"id":7376,"date":"2024-04-16T09:51:05","date_gmt":"2024-04-16T02:51:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/apanano.com\/vi\/?p=7376"},"modified":"2024-04-16T09:51:05","modified_gmt":"2024-04-16T02:51:05","slug":"vai-tro-cua-vitamin-trong-phan-ung-mien-dich-cua-heo-con","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/apanano.vn\/en\/vai-tro-cua-vitamin-trong-phan-ung-mien-dich-cua-heo-con\/","title":{"rendered":"Vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a vitamin trong ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a heo con"},"content":{"rendered":"

Trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y, \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng nh\u1eb1m x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn thay th\u1ebf cho vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng oxit k\u1ebdm (ZnO), lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb EU c\u1ea5m s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u1edf li\u1ec1u \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2022 do nh\u1eefng r\u1ee7i ro m\u00e0 h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t n\u00e0y g\u00e2y ra cho m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 nguy c\u01a1 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng kh\u00e1ng thu\u1ed1c kh\u00e1ng sinh.<\/strong><\/p>\n

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Tuy nhi\u00ean, trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh m\u1edbi n\u00e0y, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ZnO, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ch\u1ea5t k\u00edch th\u00edch t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thu\u1ed1c kh\u00e1ng sinh \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb, \u00edt ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u00fa \u00fd \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng vitamin trong th\u1ee9c \u0103n, v\u01b0\u1ee3t ra ngo\u00e0i vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a vitamin nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c vi ch\u1ea5t dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu.<\/p>\n

Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta th\u01b0\u1eddng bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng s\u1ef1 thi\u1ebfu h\u1ee5t vitamin v\u00e0 c\u00e1c vi ch\u1ea5t dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng kh\u00e1c l\u00e0m suy y\u1ebfu s\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ec1 kh\u00e1ng c\u1ee7a heo, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 heo con, b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn c\u1ea3 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch b\u1ea9m sinh v\u00e0 th\u00edch \u1ee9ng, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng suy y\u1ebfu trong ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec5m v\u00e0 vi\u00eam. H\u00e3y c\u00f9ng xem m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u1ea1i vitamin \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 g\u00ec \u1edf c\u00e1c c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00e1c nhau c\u1ee7a ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch \u1edf heo con, d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n khoa h\u1ecdc g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y.<\/p>\n

\u1ede c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch \u1edf ni\u00eam m\u1ea1c ru\u1ed9t, c\u1ea3 t\u1ebf b\u00e0o bi\u1ec3u m\u00f4 v\u00e0 t\u1ebf b\u00e0o mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch \u0111\u1ec1u bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n th\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 vitamin A (RAR, th\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 axit retinoic) v\u00e0 th\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 vitamin D (VDR), ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf c\u1ea3 hai lo\u1ea1i vitamin \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 t\u00ednh to\u00e0n v\u1eb9n v\u00e0 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a h\u00e0ng r\u00e0o ru\u1ed9t. Theo ngh\u0129a n\u00e0y, vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a vitamin A trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n bi\u1ec3u m\u00f4 \u1edf ru\u1ed9t non c\u1ee7a heo con cai s\u1eefa \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Wang v\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng s\u1ef1 x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn trong m\u1ed9t nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u n\u0103m 2020, trong \u0111\u00f3 quan s\u00e1t th\u1ea5y h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng r\u1ea5t cao lo\u1ea1i vitamin n\u00e0y trong th\u1ee9c \u0103n (16 mg\/kg ho\u1eb7c 53.333 IU\/kg) d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 gia t\u0103ng \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 trong bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a gen Lgr5+, m\u1ed9t d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a t\u1ebf b\u00e0o g\u1ed1c \u1edf ru\u1ed9t non.<\/p>\n

V\u1ec1 vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a vitamin D \u1edf c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 ru\u1ed9t, c\u00e1c ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 bao g\u1ed3m gi\u1ea3m qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh apoptosis ho\u1eb7c ch\u1ebft t\u1ebf b\u00e0o trong t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng vi\u00eam \u2013 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng ch\u1ed1ng vi\u00eam \u2013 (He v\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng s\u1ef1, 2018), c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 t\u0103ng bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c gen m\u00e3 h\u00f3a qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c peptit ch\u1ed1ng vi\u00eam, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 \u03b2-defensin, c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o Paneth trong ru\u1ed9t \u2013 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng kh\u00e1ng khu\u1ea9n \u2013 (Lu v\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng s\u1ef1, 2018).<\/p>\n

Ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c \u1edf bi\u1ec3u m\u00f4 ru\u1ed9t, B6 \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t cofactor trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh mucin c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o h\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e0i do n\u00f3 tham gia s\u00e2u v\u00e0o qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p oligosacarit v\u00e0 protein (Moran, 2017). Vitamin A c\u0169ng tham gia v\u00e0o qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t mucin, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 vitamin B6 c\u00f3 vai tr\u00f2 tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u (Lauridsen v\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng s\u1ef1, 2021).<\/p>\n

Ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng vi\u00eam \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ru\u1ed9t \u1edf \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt non, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 ti\u00eau ch\u1ea3y ho\u1eb7c vi\u00eam ru\u1ed9t, t\u1ea1o ra stress oxy h\u00f3a, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 stress n\u00e0y c\u00f3 vai tr\u00f2 kh\u00e1ng khu\u1ea9n (v\u00ed d\u1ee5: s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t nitric oxide c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o th\u1ef1c b\u00e0o c\u00f3 \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh kh\u00e1ng khu\u1ea9n), nh\u01b0ng n\u1ebfu stress n\u00e0y tr\u1edf n\u00ean tr\u1ea7m tr\u1ecdng h\u01a1n, n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u00f4, k\u00e9o d\u00e0i ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng vi\u00eam c\u1ea3 t\u1ea1i ch\u1ed7 v\u00e0 to\u00e0n th\u00e2n (Lauridsen, 2019; Lauridsen v\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng s\u1ef1, 2021). Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng minh r\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c b\u1ed5 sung h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng vitamin C cao v\u00e0o ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 \u0103n c\u1ee7a heo con cai s\u1eefa b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec5m \u0111\u1ed9c t\u1ed1 n\u1ea5m m\u1ed1c l\u00e0m t\u0103ng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ed1ng oxy h\u00f3a t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 \u1edf gan (Shi v\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng s\u1ef1, 2017).<\/p>\n

Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng minh r\u1eb1ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i oxy ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng (ROS) t\u0103ng l\u00ean \u1edf heo \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho \u0103n ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 \u0103n thi\u1ebfu vitamin E v\u00e0 selen (Lessard v\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng s\u1ef1, 1991, 1993). Do \u0111\u00f3, vitamin C v\u00e0 E r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c nh\u00e2n ch\u00ednh trong vi\u1ec7c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t stress oxy h\u00f3a ph\u00e1t sinh trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh c\u00e1c r\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ru\u1ed9t \u1edf heo con. Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u00f2n c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i vitamin kh\u00e1c tham gia v\u00e0o qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00f2a stress oxy h\u00f3a; vitamin D. Do \u0111\u00f3, n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a enzyme ch\u1ed1ng oxy h\u00f3a n\u1ed9i sinh m\u1ea1nh glutathione peroxidase t\u0103ng \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 \u1edf heo con cai s\u1eefa khi ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ed5 sung li\u1ec1u cao ch\u1ea5t chuy\u1ec3n h\u00f3a calcidiol (25(OH)D3) trong ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 \u0103n, v\u1edbi m\u1ee9c t\u1ed1i \u0111a c\u1ee7a enzyme ch\u1ed1ng oxy h\u00f3a n\u00e0y trong huy\u1ebft thanh t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi li\u1ec1u 118 microgam 25(OH)D3 \/ kg th\u1ee9c \u0103n (Yang v\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng s\u1ef1, 2018; H\u00ecnh 3). Vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a vitamin D trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00f2a stress oxy h\u00f3a s\u1ebd g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n v\u00e0o t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng ch\u1ed1ng vi\u00eam r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3, nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n

Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, m\u1ed9t t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a vitamin \u1edf c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch l\u00e0 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng t\u00edch c\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a vitamin A \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng d\u1ecbch th\u1ec3. Hu v\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng s\u1ef1 (2020) quan s\u00e1t th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c b\u1ed5 sung 13500 IU vitamin A\/kg th\u1ee9c \u0103n trong ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 \u0103n c\u1ee7a heo con cai s\u1eefa l\u00e0m t\u0103ng \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 IgA v\u00e0 IgM trong huy\u1ebft thanh (H\u00ecnh 4). IgA l\u00e0 immunoglobulin quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t \u1edf heo \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch ni\u00eam m\u1ea1c v\u00e0 l\u00e0 immunoglobulin ch\u00ednh trong s\u1eefa c\u1ee7a con v\u1eadt. Vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a IgM r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng v\u00ec l\u00e0 immunoglobulin ph\u00f2ng th\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean trong ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng d\u1ecbch th\u1ec3. Ngo\u00e0i ra, IgM l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t immunoglobulin \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn vi khu\u1ea9n Gram \u00e2m (S\u00e1nchez-Vizcaino, 2010).<\/p>\n

T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i, nh\u1eefng nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y v\u1ec1 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c m\u1ee9c vitamin kh\u00e1c nhau trong th\u1ee9c \u0103n cho heo con cai s\u1eefa ch\u1ee9ng minh t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i c\u1ee7a h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt. V\u1ec1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y, c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty di truy\u1ec1n \u0111ang c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt v\u00e0 t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00e1c khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb c\u1ee7a ri\u00eang h\u1ecd v\u1ec1 h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng vitamin. Do \u0111\u00f3, x\u00e9t \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ZnO v\u00e0 ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thu\u1ed1c, vi\u1ec7c xem x\u00e9t l\u1ea1i h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng vitamin trong th\u1ee9c \u0103n c\u1ee7a heo con l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft. trong th\u1ee9c \u0103n c\u1ee7a heo con l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft.<\/p>\n

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Nh\u00e0 ch\u0103n nu\u00f4i<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y, \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng nh\u1eb1m x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn thay th\u1ebf cho vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng oxit k\u1ebdm (ZnO), lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb EU c\u1ea5m s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u1edf li\u1ec1u \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2022 do nh\u1eefng r\u1ee7i ro m\u00e0 h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t n\u00e0y g\u00e2y ra cho m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng […]\n","protected":false},"author":722,"featured_media":7377,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[27,89],"tags":[72,246,199,917,845,780,821,953,163,790,112,916,871,970,969,868,937,954,918,138,95,943,905,934,125,862,832,791],"class_list":["post-7376","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-news","category-industry-news","tag-chan-nuoi","tag-chan-nuoi-thu-y","tag-dinh-duong","tag-dinh-duong-cho-heo","tag-dinh-duong-cho-heo-con","tag-enzyme","tag-fcr","tag-formaldehyd","tag-gia-suc","tag-khoang","tag-khoang-vi-luong","tag-luong-vitamin","tag-men-tieu-hoa","tag-phan-ung-mien-dich","tag-phong-chong-nang-nong","tag-protein-tho","tag-ri-mat-duong","tag-salmonella","tag-suc-khoe-cua-lon","tag-thu-y","tag-thuc-an-cho-heo","tag-thuc-an-cho-heo-con","tag-thuc-an-cho-lon","tag-thuc-an-cua-heo-cai-sua","tag-thuoc-thu-y","tag-thuoc-thu-y-apa","tag-tieu-hoa","tag-vitamin"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/apanano.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7376","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/apanano.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/apanano.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/apanano.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/722"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/apanano.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7376"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/apanano.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7376\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7378,"href":"https:\/\/apanano.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7376\/revisions\/7378"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/apanano.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/7377"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/apanano.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7376"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/apanano.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7376"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/apanano.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7376"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}